This paper discusses the impact of British and French colonialism in West and East Africa Essay Example

This paper discusses the impact of British and French colonialism in West and East Africa Paper This paper discusses the impact of British and French colonialism in West and East Africa by drawing examples from : Things fall apart, Weep Not child and Houseboy . British East Africa was a settler colony while both British and French west Africa were not . Earlier on the Europeans only traded on the coast but with the slave trade becoming economically not viable the European countries set to find new ways of getting resources from Africa in a cheaper way . The Berlin Conference of 1844-1845 set the scramble and partition for Africa. The French used assimilation to rule their colonies . British used assimilation in West Africa and direct rule in East Africa . To maintain power over their subjects this countries used numerous methods . In this paper the focus shall be on use of : western education, economic sabotage, divide and conquer and religion as ways that the Europeans used to ensure minimal resistance from the Africans. Economic being the core reason and drive for the colonies meant so much to the colonial government. This however spelt doom for the Africans who were placed in the lowest social and economic class. In colonial Kenya the Britons came first, then the Indians, Elite Kenyans and then the other Kenyans. â€Å"The Indian shops were many. The Indian traders were said to be very rich, they too employed some black boys whom they treated like nothing â€Å". The colonial government sold good to Indians at cheaper prices than the Africans and hence the Indian shops were more popular. This made it harder for competing African businesses to thrive,† African shops stood alone on one side of the town near the post office. The Africans had not many things in their stores and generally charged higher prices. â€Å" This ensured that the Africans had little income earning options forcing them to work on the settlers’ farms. We will write a custom essay sample on This paper discusses the impact of British and French colonialism in West and East Africa specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on This paper discusses the impact of British and French colonialism in West and East Africa specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on This paper discusses the impact of British and French colonialism in West and East Africa specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å"Let them destroy themselves. What did it matter with him if the blacks in the forest destroyed the whole village? What did it matter except for the fact that labor would diminish.† Mr. Howland, is pleased that the machine he has put in place in working, blacks are killing blacks. Divide and conquer was one of the methods used in colonial Kenya to minimize resistance. The country was divided into regions depending on the language one spoke. The buffer class of â€Å"Elite Africans† that the Europeans had created was fighting the Land and Freedom Movement for the colonial government. To Mr. Howland it doesn’t really matter when Jacobo is killed or not because he would just appoint another person in his place and life would move on, the only reason he was concerned for the Africans was because he would lack labor for his farm. Western Education was presented as the only way out of the poverty and misery . In Weep Not Child , Ngotho’s family is proud of Njoroge’s prowess in school and see his as the savior of their family . Njoroge loves school and sees this as his avenue to become even with the likes of Jacobo who had better lives and remove the â€Å"Muhoi† status of his father . However this view is a fallacy as the education system was set in such a way that they did not teach any craft , the children were taught how to manage the colonies but never how to develop them . Those who went into craft and arts were regarded lowly by the community . â€Å"Children came to the shop. They were coming from school . Njoroge saw their hopeful faces .He too had been like this when he had seen the world as a place where a man with learning would rise to power and glory.† Njoroge like many other Kenyans had been reduced to selling dresses at the Indian shop, most of the educated Kenyans en ded up working as clerks , messengers and other jobs that did not befit their statuses as educated people. The government did not offer resources to them in fear that it may lead to Kenyans gaining economic independence and hence loss of labor for the settlers’ farms. â€Å"Brother what are we? What are we black men who are called French. â€Å" Toundi’s words accurately depict the dilemma of the French Cameroonians who were struggling to maintain their identity during the colonial rule. In Francophone Africa, Africans were taught that by speaking acting like Frenchmen they would become French. As Toundi watches his friends being tortured he understands the hypocrisy of the Europeans in that they did not live what they preached. Assimilation, is a patronizing policy in every way as depicted in the way the Africans Even in the church Cameroonians are seated at the rear of the church on tree trunks under strict supervision of the catechists while the French seat in the front in velvet laced chairs. In church, they had been taught love your neighbor but Toundi wondered† Is the white man’s neighbor only other white men?† Regardless of how â€Å"’civilized’ the Africans looked the Frenchmen never considered th em as equals. Ferdinand brings out Christianity as one of the major agents of colonial rule in French west Africa .Toudi like many other â€Å"Frenchmen† in Cameroon at first were excited by the offerings of the French .Christian Partenism is evident in â€Å"I am his boy† †¦.† Father Gilbert knew me when I was stark naked he taught me to read and write†¦nothing can be more precious than that.† Toundi notes that the people were cannibals but Christianity â€Å"saved â€Å"them. Christianity as an agent of colonial rule served to separate people from their belief system and hence make them more susceptible to susceptible to French’s ideologies. This however only meant to serve the interests of the mother country and never the Cameroonians. Christianity was also the easiest way in which Cameroonians were enticed to assimilate to Frenchmen, â€Å"He threw little lumps of sugar to us like throwing corn to chickens.â€Å" This was how Father Gilbert entice d the black boys to join the Parish and hence convert to Frenchmen. Use of military and rogue justice systems against the Africans was a common thing among all colonial powers. Even though in French west Africa it was not very evident Toundi’s experiences with Madam and the commandant give us a glimpse into this. Toundi is punished on some sham accusations of theft while the real reason Madam wanted him gone was because he knew the truth. This was the case for most of the Africans, especially the leaders who had realized the truth about the Europeans. Um Nyobe’ Ruben the leader of UPC Cameroons nationalist party was detained without cause or trial by the colonial government for challenging the government The detentions encompassed ruthless beatings and subhuman conditions in the holding cells.As seen in the book Gullet says â€Å"We are going to put you in a safe place while we continue our inquiries† but once they get back to the police camp he orders the constable ,†Give him twenty-five blows of the sjambok.† . This was a method that the colonial government used to instill fear in people and force them into submission. â€Å"Our own men and our sons have joined the ranks of the stranger . They have joined his religion and they help uphold his government. If we should try to drive out the white man it shuld be easy,they are only tow of them, but what of our own people who are following their ways ?† Obierika’s concerns can be replicated for the entire Nigeria . Christianity as intended for by the colonial governments had created loyal subjects and made it harder for the people to fight the colinialists . Just like the French, The English used religion to divide and conquer. Christianity not only infuriates the people for accepting the oucasts and the Lazy people in the community but because it disregards and disrespects the Igbo religion. Apart from religion the Britons also brought the government . This was such a grea

How to Conjugate the Verb Dire in Italian

How to Conjugate the Verb Dire in Italian â€Å"Dire† is a verb you’re going to use a lot when telling stories (you know, the whole â€Å"he said, she said† bit), so it’s a great one to get comfortable with, and you can do using the examples and conjugation tables below. Some Definitions of â€Å"dire† To sayTo tellTo reciteTo speak What to Know About â€Å"dire† It’s an irregular verb, so it doesn’t follow the typical -ire verb ending patternIt’s a transitive verb, so it takes a direct object.The infinito is â€Å"dire†.The participio passato is â€Å"detto†.The gerund form is â€Å"dicendo†.The past gerund form is â€Å"avendo detto†. INDICATIVO/INDICATIVE Il presente io dico noi diciamo tu dici voi dite lui, lei, Lei dice essi, Loro dicono Esempi: Dicono che il ristorante à ¨ chiuso. - They are saying that the restaurant is closed.Maria dice sempre la verit. - Maria always tells the truth. Il passato prossimo io ho detto noi abbiamo detto tu hai detto voi avete detto lui, lei, Lei ha detto essi, Loro hanno detto Esempi: E poi gli ho detto che lo amavo. - And then I told him that I loved him.I miei insegnanti non mi hanno detto che gli italiani parlavano cosà ¬ veloce. - My teachers did not tell me that Italians would speak so quickly. L’imperfetto io dicevo noi dicevamo tu dicevi voi dicevate lui, lei, Lei diceva essi, Loro dicevano Esempi: Carlotta diceva che conosce un ragazzo che ti piacer. - Carlotta said that she knows a guy who you’ll like.Mi ricordo bene quello che dicevano. - I remember well what they used to say. Il trapassato prossimo io avevo detto noi avevamo detto tu avevi detto voi avevate detto lui, lei, Lei aveva detto essi, Loro avevano detto Esempi: Qualcuno mi aveva detto che Viterbo non era un posto interessante, invece à ¨ bellissimo. - Someone had told me that Viterbo wasn’t an interesting place, actually it’s beautiful.Durante l’esame pensavo spesso a quello che il professore aveva detto. -   During the examination I often thought about what the professor had said. Il passato remoto io dissi noi dicemmo tu dicesti voi diceste lui, lei, Lei disse essi, Loro dissero Esempi: Mi disse che voleva trasferirsi in Cina. - He told me that he wanted to move to China.Ci dissero che nostro nonno era un eroe. - They told us that our grandpa was a hero. Il trapassato remoto io ebbi detto noi avemmo detto tu avesti detto voi aveste detto lui, lei, Lei ebbe detto essi, Loro ebbero detto TIP: This tense is rarely used, so don’t worry too much about mastering it. You’ll find it in very sophisticated writing. Il futuro semplice io dir noi diremo tu dirai voi direte lui, lei, Lei dir essi, Loro diranno Esempi: Ogni uomo italico vi dir la stessa cosa!   - Every Italian man will tell you the same thing.Sono sicura che ti dir di si! - I’m sure she’ll tell you yes! Il futuro anteriore io avr detto noi avremo detto tu avrai detto voi avrete detto lui, lei, Lei avr detto essi, Loro avranno detto Esempi: La tua guida ti avr detto della storia di questo palazzo, no? - Your guide must have told you about the history of this building, right?Mi avranno sicuramente detto il nome della via, perà ² me lo sono dimenticato. - They definitely told me the name of the street, but I forgot it. CONGIUNTIVO/SUBJUNCTIVE Il presente che io dica che noi diciamo che tu dica che voi diciate che lui, lei, Lei dica che essi, Loro dicano Esempi: Credo che lui dica la verit. - I believe he’s telling the truth.Qualsiasi cosa ti dicano, devi solo sorridere e annuire. - Whatever they tell you, you’ve just got to smile and nod. Il passato io abbia detto noi abbiamo detto tu abbia detto voi abbiate detto lui, lei, Lei abbia detto essi, Loro abbiano detto Esempi: Credo che abbia detto di chiamarsi Francesca, perà ² non sono sicura. - I think that she said her name is Francesca, but I’m not sure.Dubito seriamente che abbia detto quello. - I seriously doubt that she said that. L’imperfetto io dicessi noi dicessimo tu dicessi voi diceste lui, lei, Lei dicesse essi, Loro dicessero Esempi: Non pensavo che glielo dicesse! - I didn’t think he would tell it to her!E se ti dicessi che non ti amo pià ¹? - And what if I would tell you I don’t love you anymore? Il trapassato prossimo io avessi detto noi avessimo detto tu avessi detto voi aveste detto lui, lei, Lei avesse detto essi, Loro avessero detto Esempi: Pensavo che mi avesse detto che eri single. - I thought you had told me that you were single.Scusa se sbaglio, perà ² mi pareva che avessero detto di non riuscire a parlare italiano. - Sorry if I’m wrong, but it seems to me that they said they weren’t able to speak Italian. CONDIZIONALE/CONDITIONAL Il presente io direi noi diremmo tu diresti voi direste lui, lei, Lei direbbe essi, Loro direbbero Esempi: Marco direbbe che sono pazza. - Marco would say that I’m crazy.Direi che te la cavi benissimo. - I would say that you’re doing really well. Il passato io avrei detto noi avremmo detto tu avresti detto voi avreste detto lui, lei, Lei avrebbe detto essi, Loro avrebbero detto Mi ha promesso che l’avrebbe detto! - He promised me he would tell me.Maleducato? No, avrei detto un po’ scortese e basta.   - Rude? No, I would say a little unfriendly, that’s it.

Screening Report - Osama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Screening Report - Osama - Essay Example In days when the Taliban seized control of Afghanistan, Barmak, who headed the country’s ministry of film, was forced to flee Afghanistan, to Pakistan, where he lived until the Americans post 9/11 arrival and ousting of the terrorist regime.1 It is the director’s own personal history that is perhaps featured in the opening documentary-type moments of the film when a documentary filmmaker’s equipment is confiscated and the filmmaker is later executed.2 This particular scene serves as Barmak’s statement on creative censorship. Barmak knows what it is to be an exile from his country, to have fled in fear for his life, and to have witnessed the refugee camps where countless women and children, displaced from Afghanistan’s long history of war and turmoil, spend endless days and even years in the most horrific conditions of human existence.3 In fact, the Taliban, the terrorists who terrorize women and children in Barmak’s film, are themselves for the most part the product of Afghanistan’s war torn history and history of refugee camps. The members of the Taliban are largely the children of refugee camps during the past 20 years of war in that country.4 It is, then, no wonder that these men, having grown up in the horrors of the refugee camps, so aptly depicted in Barmak’s film, turned into monsters who turned to fundamentalism, just as their own lives had been extremes, and inflicted upon the people around them such pain and misery. This is an emotionally and politically charged film with themes that converge on a single issue of human rights versus the theocratic Islamic state. Very early in the film the theme of gender is introduced to the audience. Gender, male and female, is a dominant theme of the picture, as are family, the philosophy of faith and war, and especially the psychological impact of faith and war on the individual. Each of these themes are so important to the film that

Financial crisis impacts on progress of employees Essay - 2

Financial crisis impacts on progress of employees - Essay Example Several financial crisis will be delineated while considering factors that lead to the crisis and show the possible impacts on employee. In this case, the research problem will be outlined as follows; in the recent past, there has been heated debate on the effects of financial crisis on the progress of employees, with some scholars arguing that the progress of employees is not affected by the financial crisis while others argues that the financial crisis has a negative impact on the progress. Therefore, there is a need for research to be conducted so as to establish the impacts of progress of employees. In this section, the need for the study will be justified as follows; many financial crisis has occurred having the same impacts on the progress of employees. Therefore, this study will be significant to the policy makers in designing ways to mitigate the impacts also outline areas of further research. In this section, both theoretical literature and empirical literature will be reviewed. Theoretical literature will consider theories of crises like the Marx’s crisis theory, Minky’s theory and other theories. In the empirical literature, we will discuss the various researches done by various scholars. In addition, we will give an overview of the literature showing the gap between the existing literatures. In the study, the null hypothesis will be that financial crisis has an impact on the progress of employees. While the alternative hypothesis; financial impact does not have any impact on the progress of employees. In order to evaluate the progress of employee’s, surveys on both managers and employees will be conducted so as to get information on the impact of financial crisis on employees. In addition, extensive study will be conducted in order to unearth the possible reasons for the impacts. Under this section, the results collected will be analyzed and the

Nonverbal Feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nonverbal Feedback - Essay Example hich individuals end up in a conflict or businesses and their representatives leave a negative image of themselves in the eyes of the customers is back of their failure to skillfully use nonverbal communication (Troester, 2007). It has become very essential for businesses and their representatives to use nonverbal communication in an effective and efficient manner while dealing with customers. It is essential for organization’s representatives to appropriately use the components of physical cues as well as physical appearance to deal with the customers otherwise they may end up losing their customer (Baack, 2012). For example, I witnessed a lady going up to a customer representative asking for a bank account opening form. The representative did not seem quite interested in opening the account of the customer because he believed that it was not a major account and quite casually directed her towards the counter where the bank account opening forms were kept. The lady sat down t rying to fill the form but could not understand the details of the form. Due to this she went to the representative and asked him to her help her. The representative responded in quite an unconcerned manner and told her to wait. The lady immediately understood that the representative was not interested and she left the bank in an angered manner. I followed her and asked her what the problem was. The lady told me that she wanted to open a new bank account and wanted to deposit a handsome amount of money but she felt that the bank was not interested. Due to this the bank lost a very major

John Lockes Social Contract Theory

John Lockes Social Contract Theory The agreement of the society to surrender its rights partially or entirely to the ruling government or authority is a social contract. The social contract is the basis of societys moral values today because it gives government the liberty to decide what is right and wrong depending on each societys socialization structure, all in the name of the rule of law. The social contract theory has been in existence for a very long time, right from the days of Plato (380BC) to John Rawls of the 20th century. The social contract bears the responsibility of both citizen and government and is introduced to protect an already peaceful society, or to form one. It is associated with modern political theory. Idealists and liberalist such as Thomas Hobbes, Jean Jacques-Rousseau and John Locke have influenced constitutions around the world a great deal especially the West with their theories. The social contract is generally supposed to provide justice and security to citizens within its boundaries. The state of nature is a place envisioned by a philosopher, prior to the existence of the social contract. The social contract is preceded after a philosopher has given his view of the state of nature. The state of nature does not have any moral or physical structures in place. It has to be envisioned. In the state of nature, there are no laws in place and no civilization. Man is either described as one who lives in harmony with his fellow men or fights for his survival. Idealist philosophers such as Immanuel Kant and Jean Jacques Rousseau argue that, since man is rational, in his state of nature there would be co-operation in existence and therefore his social contract must embody laws that are rational. On the other hand, realist philosophers such as Niccolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes disagree with the optimistic notion of human beings. They argue that human beings are se lf-centred and would promote their interest first in all situations; therefore their state of nature would be chaotic and disorganised. The survivors of such a place would be only the strong or swift ones, therefore his social contract should allow irrational decisions to be taken by the head of state for the greater good of the people. The social contract simply implies that the people give up some rights to a government and/or other authority in order to accept or jointly preserve social order. John Locke, a liberal philosopher of the 18th century and the author of the famous and influential book, The Second Treatise of Government pioneered the need for the respect of human rights. Locke begins his theory by visualizing a state of nature that human beings live in before agreeing to the social contract. In Lockes state of nature, there is freedom, but not entirely because he claims that the law of nature governing this estate is from God. Rights and liberties are respected because he views human beings as rational. In the event where human beings react irrationally to negative human behavior, Locke suggests the need for a social contract, an agreement between the people of the state of nature to have an authority that would ensure justice and equality. One may react irrationally when meting out a punishment to an offender; another person may also intervene and punish the offender. To prevent a biased form of justice being carried out, Locke suggests an agreement among the pe ople to form a government that would make laws that would ensure equal justice for all and protection of rights found in the state of nature. In the state of nature there is no political authority in existence, however, moral values do exist. The Law of Nature, which is on Lockes view the basis of all morality, and given to us by God, commands that we not harm others with regards to their life, health, liberty, or possessions (par. 6).  [i]  Life, health and liberty are some of the fundamental rights that are found in the state of nature. The social contract which Locke suggests, must respect these basic human rights which are found in the state of nature John Lockes State and Law of Nature A state also of equality, wherein all the power of jurisdiction is reciprocal, no one having more than another à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦should also be amongst one another, without subordination or subjection, unless the lord and master of them all should, by any manifest declaration of his will, set one above another, and confer on him, by an evident and clear appointment, an undoubted right to dominion and sovereignty.  [ii]   -Second Treatise of Government, Locke To understand the state of nature, society must be viewed without any present authority, ruling monarch or government. It contains no houses, buildings, farmlands, culture or social amenities. John Lockes state of nature assures equality for all men. He believes that we will not entirely be free in the state of nature because we will be bound by the laws of nature. The law of nature which compels every and reason, which is that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life health, liberty or possessions for men being all the workmanship of one omnipotent and infinitely wise Maker.  [iii]  This law of nature enables the perceptive that, since we are all Gods creation, automatically we are all equal; therefore we have no right to take to take anothers life or possessions. In the state of nature, when no mans rights are being invaded then the law of nature is being observed. However, the law of nature allows an offender to be punished for the offence he committed. Everyone bound by the laws of nature have the right to punish transgressors of the law. This is because the law ensures equality and therefore it cannot appoint one person who would obtain a senior role to carry out justice. The problem with allowing everyone to be an executioner of the law is that a biased sentence could be carried out since emotions could come in the way. John Locke identifies that self-love will make men partial to themselves and their friends which will not reflect a true and just system and ill nature and revenge will carry them too far in punishing others and hence nothing but confusionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ To solve this problem, Locke proposes a social contract. The Social Contract The social contract he proposes is an agreement between the citizens and the ruling government. It is a solution to the problems of the state of nature. The government in power must be concerned with the well-being of the citizen. It must preserve his rights and punish the transgressors of the law. Such a government can be described as a legitimate government. An illegitimate government would be the one that would fail to protect the natural rights of its citizens and violate the rights of its subjects. Locke states that when a civil society is popularly entered into, it cannot become a dictatorship because power must come from above but legitimacy must come from below.  [iv]   This explains the reason why Locke argues that a society has the right to do away with a government that is not obeying the laws of the land by being involved in negative practices such as cheating, corruption, torture and nepotism. This provides the grounds for a legitimate rebellion. The government can be removed from power through the legitimate processes such as elections. Lockes arguments for the social contract and for the right of citizens to revolt against their king were enormously influential on the democratic revolutions that followed, especially on Thomas Jefferson, and the founders of the United States  [v]  look for more on the tacit consent Flaws of the Social Contract One of Lockes flaws is his contradiction of how exactly we are obliged to be a part of the social contract. He first discusses how the first citizens become a part of the contract by individual consent and how subsequent generations become a part of it by tacit consent. It does not hold because then it would be unconsciously forced unto the subsequent generations if they are not asked their opinion. For a society that is supposed to ensure freedom and equality, it is violating the rights of its citizens. Lockes view that permanent citizenship depends wholly on the individuals consent -and even express consent- is both unhistorical and contrary to all legal doctrine as any instructed modern reader will easily perceive.  [vi]  This is how Frederick Pollock views Lockes flaw of the consent in his book. Locke does not talk about what the ruling government must do if the citizens relegate their side of the contract. It cannot be applicable in the pursuit of happiness because it does not defend the minority or those living out of it. Generations tacit consent: agreeing to the unknown. Describe contract.;authority,rights of the people.what rights are they giving up? What will keep the contract binding? f

Diabetes The Silent Killer Essay -- essays research papers

The Silent Killer: Diabetes Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death by disease. It is a chronic disease that has no cure. Therefore it comes to no surprise that this disease has acquired countless number of attentions. Unfortunately, 5.4 million people in the United State are unaware that they have this disease. Until they do, they have already developed life-threatening complications. This may include blindness, kidney diseases, nerves diseases, heart diseases, strokes, and amputations. It is no wonder that diabetes is known as the silent killer. Diabetes is condition where the body does not produce or properly use insulin, which is a type of hormone that converts sugar, starches, and other types of foods into the energy that humans need everyday. It controls the blood sugar level and without it, death is inevitable. There are two major types of diabetes: Type I, and Type II. Type I is where the body does not produce any insulin also known as insulin dependent or immune-medicated diabetes. It is a disease that destroys the cells in the pancreas that produces insulin. Type II, is where the body can’t make enough or properly use insulin, also known as non-insulin dependent. Other specific type of diabetes may have its origin from certain genetic syndromes, surgery, drugs, malnutrition inflection and other illness. The cause of this disease remains a mystery. Genetics, environmental factors, lack of exercise, plays an important role in the cause of diabetes. Diabetes can cause different types of problems depending on which types of diabetes they have. For Type I diabetes, two problems may occur: ketoacidosis, and hyperglycemia. In ketoacidosis, your body produces ketones. This occurs when your blood glucose level increases too high. The productions of ketones have its unpleasant results. Ketones can cause you to vomit, have trouble breathing, become dehydrated, have dry itchy skin, and/or go into a coma. Hyperglycemia is where your blood glucose level is too low. In results, one may feel shaky, tired, hungry, confused or nervous. Lastly, there may be complications for Type I diabetes. Since the levels of glucose are high, it can damage organs. Eyes, kidney, and nerves can be damaged. It may also provoke heart and blood vessels more likely. In Type II diabetes, three types of problems can occur such as high blood glucose, low blood glucose, and complicati... ...with diabetes have blood sugar problems, meal planning for sugar control, and excising is just one method of treatment for diabetes. But sometimes, these treatments are not enough to help out with the problems. The next step is to take medicine. These methods are: oral medicine such as pills or insulin shots. However, people with type 1 diabetes don’t produce any insulin for the glucose to pass into a cell, therefore they can’t take any oral medication and insulin shots are their only way to keep blood sugar levels down. When diabetics signs starts to appear upon an individual, it is imperative that they must seek a physician immediately. If not, one may develop life-threatening complications, which in severe cases, can result in death. The numbers of deaths will only climb even higher, and diabetes will remain its title as the sixth leading cause of death by disease in the United States. As information about diabetes continue to spread out across the nation, more people will be informed and familiar about this serious disease, in result, advance action will take place for care and maintenance. The silent killer title will thus be removed, and diabetes will not remain in the dark.

EKATO Organization Essay

A team is a formal work group whose members work internally with each other to achieve a common objective. A self-managed team is a small group of employees responsible for an entire work process, improve their operation or product, plan their work, resolve day-to-day problems, and manage  themselves. U. S companies including Ford Motor company, Digital Equipment and Boeing report many positive benefits from their experience with self-managed teams including higher productivity, improved quality and lower turnover. Team Development and Evolution EXATO vision it self as a services organization involve in providing solutions for mixing problems, rather than just designing and manufacturing of mixing machines. EKATO objective was to design a flexible and optimized production facility at a realistic cost, while creating an attractive environment to foster innovation. Therefore the new building was designed to support a cell-based, self-managing culture. Before the change to self managing culture, an extensive consultation and participation programme was conducted. This was based around people, process, technological and architectural strategies. A planning groups consisting of both workers and representatives of the workers’ council was formed to discuss any affect on employees due to those changes. The plan is to have 3 person groups. Wide-ranging internal information was made available to employees to support the new-managing, self-optimising approach in EKATO. With self managing teams approach brought good results; The new decentralised system amortized itself within the first 2 years operation Throughput times were reduced by 50% Inventories fell by 50% Spare parts stores reduced by one-third Machine cost fell Changes to plans reduced by 40% Obtaining information and passing it on cost reduced due to its availability and the easy communication Double time work was eliminated Due to the amount of coordination between that large no. of cells, the company reformed the cells into 8-9 persons instead of 3 allocated to three major manufacturing areas responsible for drives, shafts and impellers. Each manufacturing area has a leader who is responsible of that production group. Conclusion Teams can supply the competitive edge. Group pressures can have influence over individual’s behavior. The basic philosophy is â€Å"Entrusting employees with responsibility assures highest quality standards and low costs to the customer’s advantage†. 2. Evaluate the contribution that an effective HRM operation makes to the organization? Maximizing the effectiveness of the human assets of an enterprise is critical. HRM strategies vary from one company to another but provide similar services to the organization. – In EKATO, the HR is decentralized by making the department managers to be responsible for their staff finance and HR matters especially the appraisal and performance. – HRM includes a variety of activities, the key is deciding what staffing needs you have and whether to use independent contractors or hire employees to fill these needs. In EKATO hiring decision vital since staff composition  determines whether the firm has the necessary creativity skills and attitudes. EKATO maintains relationship with universities that specialised in process and involve this expertise on specific assignment. This open doors for universities students to work with the company after they finish their studies and be part of the organisation. – Attracting new employees by rotating them through different sections of the company for few months including assembly to gain the hand on experience in the entire company and be multi skilled. – Improving employees’ skills by providing extensive training programme to allow them to improve the productivity and have high quality performance. EKATO Team skills were improved through training before and after the move to the cell structure, to allow workers to be multi skilled and able to rotate roles to some extent. Coaching assisted individuals in personally adapting to working in teams on day-to day basis. Group members were trained in conflict resolution, problem solving, interpersonal relationship skills, team roles, group dynamics and decision making, as well as setting goals and priorities. – The typically objective of the HR is to provide an atmosphere in which all employees can perform their jobs to the best of their abilities and creatively contribute to the organization. EKATO retains its people by providing interesting work environment. Working there is relatively challenging because employees need to keep up development by attending seminars and read to stay current and keep up with fast technology. It is easier to make the job interesting for R&D staff than sales people. – They motivate their employee by adjusting the reward system to include an individual bonus for works contribution and the group productivity which encourage workers to work as a team to achieve individual goals. Re-training some employees who resisting the new change of the company to be self managing and group process. In addition, human resources management includes 15 methods to improve competitive advantage. 1. Working security: organization gives employees a long-term contract. 2. Carefully interview: managers should be carefully choosing excellent employee. 3. High salary: the salary is higher than another competitor at least. 4. Appropriate compensation: every month choose the excellent employee and give reward. 5. Employee ownership: provide stock of organization or share in project of profit. 6. The salary concentrating: Narrow the degree of the difference of the salary among employees. 7. Participate in management: let lower level employees join management. 8. Term work and working design 9. Symbolic equality principle: treat all employees equally. 10. Internal upgrade: through upgrade a lower level employee to higher position 11. Measurement practicing: Organization should measure employee attitude, different of the scheme and spirit of creation and ability of employee performance level. Notes: Introducing new technology such as expert system to help the company to manage and share solutions and knowledge, thereby reducing duplication. 3. Discuss the extent to which leaders at EKATO have attempted to change the organisation’s culture? Culture represents the unwritten feeling part of the organization. It refers to the set of values, beliefs, norms, attitudes, assumptions, and understandings shared by all members of the organization. It also defines the basic organizational values and communicates to the new members joining the organization the correct ways to think and act, and how things taught to be done. An understanding of organizational culture helps organizations respond and adapt to external environment by changing and solving internal problems. EKATO is a family owned enterprise. The founder Todtenhaupt was very technically oriented and has excellent relationship with his works and people in the chemical industry. The founder passed the organisation culture to his sons. But his sons changed the culture by bringing in an outsider Mr. Zeiler as CEO/President. The CEO, Mr. Zeiler believes that the leadership has to do with the personality style, values and assumptions. The CEO concentrated on the company internal matters and problems. With his sales background, he changed the company from role oriented i.e. bureaucratic to self managing culture. He focused on his workers by delegating responsibility to them and empowering skilled employees. He implemented the trust and openness culture within the organisation by allowing staff to learn from mistakes. To prevent classical labour problem, the CEO implemented communication and sharing the information culture by having open discussion on the company’s numbers, problems and goals. This is done by having two annual meetings between management and employees where the workers council and the CEO report to the staff. Beside that, top managers meet weekly and senior managers engage in cross-functional weekly problem solving meetings. Top management set the company plan and individual departments’ goals. These  goals are communicated to departments’ managers and then discussed within department staff. Senior mangers then meet quarterly to discuss the direction and review the strategy and areas of innovation. Each department manager is required to present results, costs and innovation capability. The outcome of these meetings are fed back to top management and then shared with staff. Hence, the spreading nature of culture will have an effect on organizational processes such as decision making, design of structure, group behaviour, work organization, and motivation and job satisfaction. Management interest in organizational culture to improve performance and increase competition. It is developed and manifests itself in different ways in different organizations, therefore, it is not possible to say that one culture is better than the other. Hence, there is no such thing as an ideal culture, only an appropriate culture.

Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs

Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs Rope-a-Dope and International Affairs By Maeve Maddox The other day I began listening to an interview between NPR’s Scott Simon and Dennis Ross, a member of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. My attention was stopped cold by this sentence in Simon’s opening remarks: I apologize for using a sports analogy, but what about the chances that this might be the rope-a-dope strategy for Iran? I don’t know how I’ve managed to go so long without encountering this expression, but I hadn’t a clue as to what Simon meant by â€Å"the rope-a-dope strategy.† The expression originated in 1974 when the boxer Muhammad Ali introduced the tactic in his fight with George Foreman. Besides its use to describe a boxing maneuver, apparently the expression is commonly used in political writing. My only excuse for remaining ignorant of it for so long is that my interest in politics is on a par with my interest in sports. Neither the OED nor Merriam-Webster Unabridged has an entry for â€Å"rope-a-dope,† but I found this definition at the free online Oxford Dictionaries: rope-a-dope noun: (US informal) A boxing tactic of pretending to be trapped against the ropes, goading an opponent to throw tiring ineffective punches. The expression has been applied to the delaying tactics favored by Iran at least since 2006: Many fear that the Iranians are engaged in a game of â€Å"rope-a-dope,† absorbing our best efforts to stop their nuclear program while buying time to get themselves over the nuclear know-how threshold. –US Senate report, 2006 One problem with using sports analogies in general reporting is that not all readers are familiar with them. Another is that the writers who use the expressions may not use them to mean the same thing. And a third is that the more such an expression is used, the more the original meaning is likely to shift. These seem to be the most common interpretations of â€Å"the rope-a-dope strategy†: -provoking an opponent to energy-wasting rage -pretending to be weaker than one is -distracting an opponent from one’s true purpose -employing delaying tactics In the case of Iran, â€Å"rope-a-dope† equates to â€Å"delaying tactics†: delaying tactics: an action or strategy designed to defer or postpone something in order to gain an advantage for oneself. For the sake of sports-challenged listeners, Simon could have said, â€Å"What about the chances that this might be a delaying tactic on the part of Iran?† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names"Latter," not "Ladder"10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing

buy custom Concerns of Cyberculture Identity essay

buy custom Concerns of Cyberculture Identity essay Having recognized the important role that is played by personal identity in it has become a core area of study in the emerging field of cyberculture theory (Dery, 1996). As Dertouzos (1997) postulates, theoretical studies seek to explain how communities interacting in the networked cyberspaces and sustained by the ever progressive modern technology behave in instances where personal identity is required and when it is not required. The same becomes relevant in determining cybercultures impact on the political, sociological, philosophical and psychological dimensions of human interactions (Dery, 1996). Key theorists in this area have included Donna Haraway, Manuel De Landa, Sadie Plant, Kevin Kelly, Wolfgang Schirmacher, Bruce Sterling, Jean Baudrillard, Hendrik Speck, Pierre Levy, Charles D. Laughlin, Victor J.Vitanza and Gregory Ulmer among others (Dery, 1996). Most of these theorists works concentrate on such themes as Futurism (Techno-utopianism), Feminist cyberculture theory, Postmodernism and the internet, Technological Determinism and Social Constructionism perspectives (Dery, 1996). Theoretically, cyberculture has resulted from information exchange, retrieval and storage enabled by networking computers via the World Wide Web (Jordan 2001). It is thus rightly referred to by many theoretical conceptions as an information culture. The future is seen to be ushering in the new revolution of mankind, the information age ion the continued process of evolution (Jordan 2001) also noted by Aronowitz, Martinsons and Menser (1995). The most important resource is soon going to be information and not industries as it has been, agricultural production as it ones was etc (Jordan 2001). The Wall Street trading concepts have today exemplified when information becomes valuable and resourceful. That is the promise carried by the theory of information age. As Jordan (2001) notes, in cyberculture, the importance of information is not lost, and the question is how the availability and easy transmission of that information is going to affect the society. This is especially important to consider when the people transmitting and receiving that information are unidentifiable or to use Kevin Kellys terms, are obsolete in personal identity statuses as quoted in (Dodge Kitchin, 2000). Buy custom Concerns of Cyberculture Identity essay

Suprime letting Literature review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Suprime letting Literature review - Essay Example While there is no official credit profile that describes a sub prime borrower, it is generally accepted that people in the United States having a credit score below 620 points will fall into this category. In an attempt to tap this burgeoning market, lenders often speculate and take risks associated with lending to people with poor financial records. Sub prime offers an opportunity for borrowers with a less than ideal credit record to gain access to credit. It has been found that over the past six years, home ownership nationwide increased from 66 percent of the working population, to almost 70 percent. The pros and cons of sub prime markets will now be discussed in the literature review .The obvious advantage of Sub-Prime letting is of course the fact that people with poor credit history, low income and no assets are able to borrow money from many banks and lending company's .This is advantageous also as small or no deposit is accepted and this may prove attractive to many people wh o are not aware of the consequences of such borrowing or lending.However this market has its cons in the sense that it is unpredictable due to variable interest rate and the debtors may not be able to able to keep up with the payments thus causing credit victimization as the lenders may be able repossess the property/ business and are able to profit from re-sale through draconian lending contracts. Aims The main research question therefore is "To what extent has the sub- prime phenomenon of the US financial markets affected the UK economy" The reason for selecting this topic is the recent financial crisis in the US sub-prime markets which has caused a world wide concern as to its concerns for its e effects and fall-outs on the EU Bloc which includes the UK. The research will be undertaken through a variety of secondary and primary research methodologies to have a better understanding of the research question within the given time scale.Secondary Research Questions What is Sub-Prime letting What is the relationship between the UK and American Housing market What are the current conditions in the American Housing market with reference to Sub prime letting The aim is to identify the correlations between American Mortgage lenders and the UK lenders. Economic conditions, interest rates, inflations and other factors. With reference to economic conditions we may be able to identify as to why people are subjected to the sub prime market. What are the pros and cons of sub prime mortgage lending Research Strategy Research is a fact finding activity (Dominowski, 1980). The aim of primary research is to make known something previously unknown to human beings and to advance human knowledge by making it more certain or better fitting; the aim is discovery (Elias, 1986). Kerlinger (1970) uses more technical language to define it as the systematic, controlled, empirical and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about presumed relations among natural phenomena. The research philosophy depends on the way we think about the development of knowledge and this thinking affects the way we do search (Saunders 2000). Whilst undertaking the research, a clear understanding of

Psychology of Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Psychology of Violence - Essay Example Though the article does not state Mr Clementi suffered from bullying, humiliation and invasion of privacy as a sex offense, Mr Ravi delegitimized him by taking all levels of privacy out of his hands. It is considered a sex offense because he broke the solitude Mr Clementi was after, by having the room until midnight, the intimacy of having a sexual relationship with anonymity and the reserve to decide under what terms. These four types of privacy were established by Mr Westin.(DeCew) As the police had already established that Mr Ravi had been bullying Mr Clementi since August, he will be tried for a bias crime. Behavioral Psychology is a theory that all behaviors are gained through conditioning: classical & operant. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Classical conditioning have two elements, the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. Operant Conditioning is the association between the behaviour and the consequence for that behaviour. From this conditioning, the learning theory was developed. Negative behaviour can be eliminated by taking away the benefit. A persons behaviour is learned by the consequences which can be external forces. His conscious is changed by the rewards he receives. Mr Ravi is an insecure young man as a new student; as psychologically needing to break his roommate; and who needs to make a place for himself in the dormitory. His name is Indian, so he has suffered prejudices for half of his life in the US. . He might also be questioning his own sexuality which could be common but not part of his own culture. Did he bully Mr Clementi because of his sexual orientation; or would he have done so to any roommate? The questions is his satisfaction in wanting to torture another individual. In putting the streaming of his encounter on the internet, was he showing his jealousy in Mr Clementis ability to perform on stage. Both acts represent the most